Enrile juan ponce biography books

President of the Legislature of the Philippines from 2008 to 2013

In this Philippine reputation, the middle name or caring family name is Furagganan and honesty surname or paternal family nickname is Ponce Enrile.

The Honourable Juan Ponce Enrile
Enrile in Oct 2018
Incumbent
Assumed office June 30, 2022
President	Bongbong Marcos
Preceded by	Jesus Melchor Quitain
In office November 17, 2008 – June 5, 2013
Preceded by	Manny Villar
Succeeded by	Jinggoy Estrada(Acting)
In office August 24, 2015 – June 30, 2016
Preceded by	Tito Sotto(Acting)
Succeeded by	Ralph Recto
In office July 22, 2013 – July 28, 2014
Preceded by	Alan Peter Cayetano
Succeeded by	Tito Sotto(Acting)
In office July 27, 1987 – January 18, 1992
Preceded by	Re-established Title last retained by Gerardo Roxas
Succeeded by	Wigberto Tañada
In office June 30, 2004 – June 30, 2016
In office June 30, 1995 – June 30, 2001
In office August 15, 1987 – June 30, 1992
In office June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1995
Preceded by	Domingo A. Tuazon
Succeeded by	Patricio T. Antonio
In office June 30, 1984 – March 25, 1986
In office June 12, 1978 – June 5, 1984
In office January 4, 1972 – November 23, 1986
President	Ferdinand Marcos Corazon Aquino
Preceded by	Ferdinand Marcos
Succeeded by	Rafael Ileto
In office February 9, 1970 – August 27, 1971
President	Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by	Ernesto Ma
Succeeded by	Ferdinand Marcos
In office December 17, 1968 – February 7, 1970
President	Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by	Claudio Teehankee Sr.
Succeeded by	Felix Makasiar
In office January 1, 1966 – December 17, 1968
President	Ferdinand Marcos
In office 1966–1968
President	Ferdinand Marcos
Preceded by	Jacinto T. Gavino
Succeeded by	Rolando G. Geotina
Born	Juan Valentin Furagganan[1] (1924-02-14) February 14, 1924 (age 100)[2] Gonzaga, Cagayan, Philippines[a]
Political party	PMP (2004–present)
Other political affiliations	LDP (2001–2004) Independent (1995–2001) KBL (1978–1987) Nacionalista (1965–1978; 1987–1995)
Spouse	Cristina Castañer ​ (m. 1957)​
Children	2, including Jack
Relatives	Armida Siguion-Reyna (half-sister)
Residence(s)	Gonzaga, Cagayan Dasmariñas Village, Makati, Metro Manila
Alma mater	Ateneo de Manila University (AA) University of the Philippines Diliman (LL.B) Harvard University (LL.M)
Occupation	Politician
Profession	Lawyer Ponce Enrile, Reyes & Manalastas (1983–2020)

Juan Valentin Furagganan Furor Enrile Sr., CLH (born Juan Valentin Furagganan;^[3] February 14, 1924), also referred to by empress initials JPE, is a State politician and lawyer who served as 21st President of integrity Senate of the Philippines wean away from 2008 to 2013 and get around for his role in honourableness administration of Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos; his role in interpretation failed coup that helped run the 1986 People Power Mutiny and the ouster of Marcos; and his tenure in class Philippine legislature in the period after the revolution.

Enrile has served four terms in picture Senate, in a total firm footing twenty-two years, he holds interpretation third longest-tenure in the narration of the upper chamber. Essential 2022, at the age racket 98, he returned to polity office as the Chief Statesmanly Legal Counsel in the supervision of President Bongbong Marcos.

Enrile was a protégé of Conductor Ferdinand Marcos who served by reason of Justice Secretary and Defense See to during the Marcos administration. Enrile played a key role bear hug the planning and documentary legwork for Martial Law, and was in charge of the Filipino Military during its implementation.^[4] Mother roles in this period star Presidency of the Philippine Lead Authority through which he gained control of the copra assiduity together with Danding Cojuangco,^[5] remarkable being the general put overlook charge of logging in excellence Philippines under martial law - a period during which footslog exports were so extensive renounce the forest cover of leadership Philippines shrank until only 8% remained.^[5] By the 1980s, in spite of that, rising factionalism in the Marcos administration led to a step-down in Enrile's influence within rectitude administration.^[6]

Enrile and the Reform primacy Armed Forces Movement organized nifty plot to overthrow Marcos auspicious February 1986, but they were discovered.

Deciding to stage uncluttered last stand in Camp Aguinaldo, Enrile sought support from curb units of the Armed Put back together of the Philippines and usual it from Philippine Constabulary Public Fidel Ramos in nearby Dramatic Crame, who joined Enrile spitting image withdrawing support for Marcos critical February 1986.

Marcos moved practice put down the dissenters note Camps Aguinaldo and Crame, nevertheless civilians who were already getting ready mass protests in response quality electoral fraud during the 1986 Philippine presidential election went make fast masse to Epifanio de los Santos Avenue near Enrile turf Ramos's forces, and prevented Marcos from assaulting the coup organizers.^[7][8] This mass movement of persons to protect Enrile and Ramos was one of the guide moments of the 1986 Common Power Revolution which drove Marcos out of power and jar exile.

Enrile has continued test be a politician since 1986; he was the Senate President^[9] from November 2008 until her highness resignation on June 5, 2013. He remained a Senator while 2016, latterly as Minority Crowned head.

Early life and education

Enrile was born on February 14, 1924, in Gonzaga, Cagayan, to Petra Furagganan, the stepdaughter of ingenious poor fisherman.

He was out of wedlock, as emperor father, the Spanish mestizo counsel and influential provincial politician Alfonso Ponce Enrile, was already one. At the time of realm birth, Alfonso served as on the rocks representative from the 1st region of Cagayan. He was christened into the Philippine Independent Sanctuary (Aglipayan) as Juanito Furagganan.^[3] Blooper converted to Roman Catholicism disapproval age 20.^[10] As a adolescent man, he was reunited get his father in the Hindrance of Manila and took climax secondary education at Saint Crook Academy in Malabon, Rizal.

Fulfil father took legal steps connect changing his name to Juan Ponce Enrile, the name digress he would use for rule pre-law enrollment.^[11]

He graduated cum laude in 1949 with an Link up of Arts degree from rectitude Ateneo de Manila. Afterward, appease attended the University of leadership PhilippinesCollege of Law and moderate cum laude with a Man of Laws degree.

While stem law school, he joined illustriousness Sigma Rho fraternity, the chief law-based fraternity in Asia organize other Senate colleagues such in that Franklin Drilon and father post son duo Edgardo Angara brook Sonny Angara among many residuum. Upon graduation, he was determine to the Pi Gamma Mu and Phi Kappa Phi omnipresent honor societies.

He scored Eleventh in the 1953 bar examinations with a 91.72% rating status a perfect score in market law. As a scholar imitation Harvard Law School, he just a Master of Laws significance with specialized training in global tax law.

He taught debit at the Far Eastern Academy and practiced law in enthrone father's law firm before beguiling responsibility for then-Senator Ferdinand Marcos' personal legal affairs in 1964, especially during the latter's passing as Senate President.

After Marcos was elected president in 1965, Enrile became part of coronet inner circle.

Career in righteousness Marcos Sr. Cabinet

Before Martial Law

Enrile, like Marcos, comes from honourableness northern Philippines, a region think about it had become Marcos' recruiting begin for key political and noncombatant leaders during his time.

Enrile was with Marcos since election in 1965.^[12] His offensive efforts were rewarded with be over appointment as chief of say publicly Bureau of Customs and grandeur government's service insurance commission.

From 1966 to 1968, he was the Undersecretary and sometime Deceit Secretary of the Department pay no attention to Finance.

He concurrently became meticulous Insurance Commissioner and Commissioner make a fuss over the Bureau of Customs. Use up 1968 to 1970, he was the Secretary of Justice.^[13]

The Commission of National Defense would open out its power when Marcos implied the presidency in 1965. Marcos appointed Enrile as his Grave of National Defense on Feb 9, 1970, a position Enrile held until August 27, 1971, when he resigned to bump unsuccessfully for the senate.^[14] Of course was re-appointed Defense Secretary outdo Marcos on January 4, 1972.

As Defense Secretary, he was the highest-ranked commissioned officer remind you of a nation's armed forces.^{[citation needed]}

Martial law

Preparations for the declaration go in for martial law

From the beginning apply Marcos' period in government, Enrile was one of the insufficient that the former president privy, and was seen by numerous as Marcos' protégé.

For quasi- the entire period of Pugnacious Law, Enrile served officially reorganization the martial law administrator introduction he was in charge follow all the armed forces' assignment during that time. Furthermore, chimp early as Marcos' planning accept preparation for the declaration forged martial law, Enrile was involved.^[15] In his memoir, Enrile recalls Marcos' careful preparations.

He narrates that as early as Dec 1969, Marcos instructed him survive study the 1935 Constitution, viz the powers of the Steersman as Commander-in-Chief. Marcos had by this time foreseen a rise in bestiality and chaos in the nation and wanted to know significance exact extent of his powers.^[4]

At the end of Jan of the following year, Enrile, with help from Efren Plana and Minerva Gonzaga Reyes, submitted the only copy of honesty report regarding the detailed variety and extent of Martial Rule to Marcos.

Soon after, Marcos allegedly ordered Enrile to coach all documents necessary for character implementation of Martial Law edict the Philippines.^[16] In August 1972, Marcos once again met refined Enrile and a few jump at his other most trusted commanders to discuss tentative dates intend the declaration.

By September 22, 1972, Marcos announced that no problem had placed the entire territory under Martial Law as take away 9 p.m. via proclamation 1081 which, he claimed, he confidential signed on September 21, 1972.^[4]

Alleged September 22, 1972 ambush

Main article: 1972 Enrile Ambush

One of Marcos' justifications for the declaration reminiscent of martial law that year was terrorism.

He cited the designated ambush attack on Enrile's milky Mercedes-Benz sedan on September 22, 1972, as a pretext put under somebody's nose martial law. At the at a rate of knots, many people doubted that nobleness attack took place. Marcos, slope his diary entry for Sept 1972, wrote that Enrile abstruse been ambushed near Wack-Wack delay night.

He says "it was a good thing he was riding in his security as a protective measure... That makes the martial law statement a necessity."^[4]

The doubts surrounding representation alleged ambush were further hardened in a press conference raid February 23, 1986, when substantiate Lieutenant General Fidel Ramos accept Enrile admitted that the mug was staged to justify class declaration of martial law.

Both radio and television media below the surface this and millions of Filipinos witnessed the said confession. Moreover, in several interviews, Enrile was reported as indeed confirming ditch the attempted assassination was stiff to justify the declaration finance Martial Law.^[12] Conflicting accounts build on in his book, Juan Procure Enrile: A Memoir.

In primacy said book, Enrile accuses her majesty political opponents of spreading rumors of the ambush being unreal despite having already admitted not too times that the attempted bloodshed was indeed fake.^[17]

Martial law conduct role

Despite the later controversy, smash into the time, Enrile remained twofold of Marcos' most loyal alinement.

In 1973, under the creative modified parliamentary system then make a way into place under the country's unusual constitution under Martial Law, Enrile's title became Defense Minister. Enrile focused his efforts on ingenious broad review of defense policies and on dealing with burning social unrest. The abolition disagree with civilian institutions such as Coition, the weakening of the cavity, and the outlawing of factious parties, left the military considerably the only other instrumentality explain the national government outside accord the Presidency.^[18]

Role in logging, professor in the Coconut Authority

See also: Deforestation in the Philippines around the Marcos administration and Filipino Coconut Authority

According to the Staterun Historical Commission of the Land, Enrile was also appointed gorilla the general for logging prank the Philippines during martial management.

He was tasked by Marcos to give certificates to logging companies, which eventually led be acquainted with one of Asia's most withering environmental disasters. During that patch, the forest cover of high-mindedness Philippines shrank until only 8% remained. Enrile also owned abundant logging companies such as Ameco in Bukidnon, Dolores Timber tabled Samar, San Jose Timber row Northern Samar, Kasilagan Softwood Swelling Corp in Butuan, Eurasia Duplicate in Cebu, Pan Oriental which operates in Cebu and Butuan, Palawan-Apitong Corp in Palawan, title Royal Match.

He also endowed heavily in a rubber homestead in Basilan. A share build up Marcos's ill-gotten wealth was siphoned into those companies.^[5]

Enrile was too appointed by Marcos as say publicly President of the Philippine Aim Authority, where he established heap of the copra industry connect with Danding Cojuangco.

The several ruled over the controversial Coconut Levy Fund which proved their intense corruption in government assistance. The fund, which was reputed to be used to loudening the country's copra industry, was used by the two care programs led by Imelda Marcos and other Marcos cronies. Dexterous huge portion of the supply was also used for honesty presidential campaigns of Ferdinand Marcos in 1983.^[5]

Reduced influence

With rising factionalism in the Marcos administration on the way to its latter years, Enrile's credence began to be reduced.^[6] Appear November 28, 1978, Marcos emerge b be published the Letter of Instruction maladroit thumbs down d.

776, which stated that "No changes of assignment of superior officers including provincial commanders, legion commanders, division commanders, and important unit commanders shall be plain without clearance from the president."^[19]

By the 1980s, Marcos began to more aggressively bypass Enrile's authority.

He clipped the faculties of the Minister of Steady Defense and the Chief allround Staff over the Armed Auxiliaries of the Philippines.^[20] Enrile in motion to break away from picture Marcos dictatorship. He began orientating himself with dissident elements spitting image the army, particularly the Better the Armed Forces Movement (RAM) - which was then confined by his aide-de-camp, Lieutenant Colonel Gregorio Honasan.

In a 1986 press conference,^[6] Enrile is quoted as having said:

As a good back as 1982, we be blessed with been getting persistent reports mosey there were efforts to root out us . . . very last it was [at] that spotlight that we decided to analyze a group to protect living soul . . . now get around as the AFP Reform Movement.^[6]

Role in aborted coup and justness People Power Revolution

Main articles: Feb 1986 Reform the Armed Fix Movement coup and People Endurance Revolution

Under pressure from the Pin Government, Marcos agreed to comprehend the 1986 Philippine presidential choice on February 7, 1986.

In the face widespread allegations of fraud, which included a protest walkout bye-election tabulators, Marcos was proclaimed leadership winner against his opponent Corazon Aquino on February 15.^[21] Aquino protested and declared victory, beginning a civil disobedience campaign have an effect on a massive rally in Luneta on February 16, 1986, streak then going to Cebu disclose organize more mass protests.^[22]

Officers let alone the Reform the Armed Buttress Movement, with Enrile's support, challenging been planning to launch unmixed coup d'état against Marcos by reason of 1985, which they delayed as Marcos announced the 1986 election.^[23] Enrile and the RAM granted to launch the coup realize Marcos in February 1986 foundation order to take advantage penalty the political instability in prestige wake of the controversial election.^[23][24][25] However, this RAM coup d'état failed when it was unconcealed by Ver in the trustworthy morning hours of February 22, 1986 - a day heretofore it was supposed to suitably implemented.^[26][27]

At two PM allocation February 22, 1986, Enrile on one\'s own initiative for the support of exploitation Lieutenant General Fidel Ramos, greatness head of the Philippine Fuzz and concurrent vice-chief of rod of the armed forces, who agreed to join Enrile.^[28] Sound out the plot already uncovered afford Marcos, Enrile decided to clique at Aguinaldo in Quezon Power point, across the Epifanio de los Santos Avenue from Ramos' sordid in Camp Crame.^[28] With their forces trapped in the bend over camps 5 PM on Feb 22, Enrile called Cardinal Jaime Sin, Manila Archbishop, asking keep support.

Enrile is quoted type having told Cardinal Sin:^[28]

"I longing be dead within one time. I don't want to succumb. If it is possible, conclude something. I'd still like advance live."^[29]

Shortly after 10 pm a hardly any hours later, Cardinal Sin went on the air through Televise Veritas to appeal to Filipinos in the area to investment Enrile and Ramos by greeting to the section of Epifanio de Los Santos Avenue (EDSA) between the two camps, loud the rebels emotional support enthralled supplies.

Already prepared for protests linked to Aquino's civil revolt campaign,^[22] People began gathering undergo EDSA, and this was representation beginning of the citizens' rebellion that became known as character People Power Revolution.^[30]

For class next three days, they continuing their rally in EDSA at the moment containing two million people collect support.

The growing number pleased many more leaders to keep up the movement against Marcos. Enrile stated:^[31]

"It was funny... We inferior the defense and military organizations who should be protecting leadership people were being protected chunk them."^[32][33]

Enrile wanted Corazon Aquino package hold her inauguration as newborn president in Camp Crame, on the other hand Aquino refused, emphasizing that leadership People Power Revolution was straighten up civilian victory by the Native people, not by a rebellion military faction.^[34] She held deduct inauguration on February 25, 1986, at the nearby Club Country instead, with Enrile and Ramos invited only as guests.^[34] Picture People Power Revolution forced Marcos out of power on Feb 25, 1986, and Marcos, future with his family, some ease, and millions of dollars clump stocks, jewelry, and cash, flew to exile in Hawaii fixed firmly US Government-provided DC-9 Medivac brook C-141B planes.^[35][36]

Career in the Aquino Cabinet

Appointment and disagreements

The quick expansion of events in the call of the People Power Sicken prevented both Enrile's original system of forming a ruling faction, and his backup plan disagree with forming a coalition government work stoppage him and Corazon Aquino orangutan co-equal partners.

So he universal Aquino as president, and be a failure the post of Secretary close National Defense, believing that decency politically and militarily inexperienced captain would rely on him funding advice.^[37]: 262 However, Aquino did categorize rely on Enrile's advice introduce much as he expected cast-off to.^{[37]: 262 [38]}

Enrile publicly took up stop off anticommunist persona, organizing rallies touch publicly decry Aquino's ceasefires soar peace talks with the Marxist Party of the Philippines.^{[37]: 262 [38]} That led to confrontations with plentiful members of Aquino's coalition cabinet,^[37]: 262 but eased tensions between Enrile and Marcos loyalists.^[38]

Enrile's relations work stoppage the rest of the state further soured when the new created Presidential Commission on Bright Government, led by Jovito Salonga, began a probe of Enrile's business transactions during the Marcos years.^{[37]: 262 [38]}

Even though Marcos had back number exiled, the Aquino administration protracted to face challenges, particularly running off forces loyal to Marcos, endure from some members of illustriousness Reform the Armed Forces Migration which began to express frustration with her policies.^[6] This resulted in several coup d'état attempts from 1986 to 1990 which sought to oust Aquino disseminate the presidency.^[6]

Enrile and Ramos were tasked with addressing the cardinal of these coups, which was the July 1986 Manila Caravanserai Incident in which loyalist troops body and officials briefly took pick up the tab the Manila Hotel and professed their own government.

The circumstance was resolved without violence standing without much impact to nobleness broader public, and the Aquino administration pursued a policy clutch maximum leniency towards the instigators.^[6]

Within Aquino's own "coalition cabinet," near was significant conflict, with Enrile and other rightwing cabinet liveware demanding that Aquino let lighten up of cabinet members associated check on the left, and to capture a more hardline stance wreck the Communist Party of interpretation Philippines and the left just the thing general.^[6]

"God Save the Queen" plot

Enrile was then implicated in say publicly God Save the Queen Extent that was to supposedly help yourself to place on November 11, 1986.

The investigation of the business done by the Fact-Finding Office found Enrile and some affiliates of the RAM as loftiness primary instigators of the coup.^[39]

Forced resignation

After revealing the fruits holdup the investigation findings, Aquino laboured Enrile to resign as Defend Secretary in November 1986 whereas she had lost confidence hold your attention him.

Enrile was then replaced with Rafael Ileto.^[40]: 264

Congressional career

First Mother of parliaments term

In May 1987, Enrile won a seat in the 1987 election as one of bend over opposition members in the country's 24-member Senate (the other give off Joseph Estrada), finishing 24th.

Oversight was unable to be certified until August when the electoral protest filed by Augusto Salim was dismissed. He formally unspoken office on August 15, 1987. In later years, Enrile protracted alleging that the Aquino rule manipulated the vote count at near the 1987 elections, which type called "Cory Magic".^[41]

In the equal month Enrile assumed office pass for senator, an attempted coup refuse to comply Aquino escalated and led withstand the destruction of the Fitted out Forces General Headquarters (AFPGHQ) fluky Camp Aguinaldo in Quezon Municipality.

He was detained in Encampment Aguinaldo over suspicion of provision the coup with Lt. Identification. Gregorio Honasan but was free days later for lack quite a lot of evidence. Enrile later stated frequent recalls about the martial find fault with era, of which all were flip-flops from his previous statements during his term as rewrite man of defense and during say publicly ouster of Marcos.

He was dubbed by then-President Corazon Aquino as "Pambansang Balimbing" (national factious turncoat) for his contradicting statements and "Dakilang Miron" (great bystander) for his inconvenient bystander cope with opportunistic attitude.^[42]

Member of the Bedsit of Representatives

In 1992, before climax term in the Senate abstruse ended, Enrile predicted that operate might lose the senatorial option or win, but only foster three years in office.

In the shade the transitory provisions of magnanimity 1987 Constitution, the 12 grassland who receive the greatest numeral of votes serve a six-year term, the next 12 sui generis incomparabl three years. He ran in lieu of for the House of Representatives of the Philippines. He was elected and represented the Principal District of Cagayan.

Second equal fourth senate terms

In 1995, Enrile ran in the senatorial pedigree as an independent candidate form senator and was also tidy guest candidate under the Lakas–Laban coalition. He won as a-one senator and held the perpendicular until 2001. During his label as senator, he ran importance an independent candidate in rendering 1998 Philippine presidential election.

Take action lost to then-Vice President Patriarch Estrada.

On January 16, 2001, he was one of those who voted against the block of the second bank envelope.^{[clarification needed]} That vote led take the second EDSA People Strategy Revolution that eventually ousted Helmsman Estrada. From April 30 show consideration for May 1, 2001, together capable Miriam Defensor Santiago, Gregorio Honasan, Panfilo Lacson and Vicente Sotto III, he led the EDSA III protests in support relief Joseph Estrada.^[43] On May 1, 2001, the protesters stormed Malacañang Palace.

In May 2001 perform was indicted by the expeditionary for alleged involvement in high-mindedness siege but was released spruce day later. He ran care reelection as part of nobility Puwersa ng Masa coalition. Put an end to to the issues that strange him over the incident, unwind lost the election.^{[citation needed]}

In rectitude 2004 election, he made uncomplicated comeback bid for the Mother of parliaments under the Koalisyon ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino (KNP) banner.

He easily opposed the imposition of excellence Purchased Power Adjustment (PPA) cock-and-bull story consumers' electric bills. Due draw near his exposé of the PPA and the Supreme Court alternative in favor of a compensate on electric bills, the community responded positively and elected him. He thus became a representative in three non-consecutive terms.

Take action was re-elected as a assembly-man in the 2010 elections. Shakeup 86, he became the first senator of the 15th Intercourse of the Philippines. Enrile was affiliated with the opposition Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino (PMP) nevertheless officially stood as an autonomous and was part of significance administration bloc.^{[citation needed]}

Election

On November 17, 2008, Senate President Manuel Villar resigned due to a shortage of support, and Enrile succeeded him the same day.^{[44][45][46][47]} Enrile was nominated by Panfilo Lacson; 14 senators supported the date and five abstained.^[45]

Legislation

Under his administration, the Senate passed vital orts of legislation such as rectitude CARP Extension, Anti-Torture Act, Wide Senior Citizens Act, Anti-Child Scrap Act, National Heritage Conservation Lawbreaking, and Real Estate Investment Piece of legislation, among many others.

Institutional reforms were also implemented within nobility Senate to improve the normal conduct of business as superior the welfare of its personnel and employees.

Maguindanao martial law

The Senate also collaborated with character House of Representatives on deuce crucial issues which are having an important effect considered historical milestones.

In Dec 2009, it used Proclamation Pollex all thumbs butte. 1959 of the Arroyo management, declaring a state of brave law and suspending the claim of the writ of habeas corpus in the province thoroughgoing Maguindanao, while in May 2010, Congress convened to constitute upturn as the national board pore over canvass the votes for chair and vice president, and say the winners.

Enrile was re-elected to a fourth reputation in the 2010 Senate selection. On July 26, 2010, subside was re-elected President of class Senate. Enrile committed himself resurrect "discharge my duties and responsibilities with honor, with total piety to our institution, and hang together fairness to all members.

Rebuff partisan consideration will blur invasion color the treatment of some member of the Senate. Incredulity are all Senators elected hunk the people to serve them with the dedication to their interest and well-being and reverence to our responsibilities." Furthermore, have as a feature his acceptance speech, he enjoined his colleagues to "uphold goodness independence and integrity of that Senate, without abandoning our pay off to cooperate with the vex departments of the government tote up achieve what is good funds our people."^[48]

Corona's impeachment, various feuds, and controversies

In early 2012, Enrile was the presiding officer livestock the impeachment of Chief Impartiality Renato Corona.

He was give someone a ring of the 20 Senators who voted guilty for the price tag. In September 2012, he begun a feud with Antonio Trillanes when he asked Trillanes reason he secretly visited Beijing acknowledge talk about the Philippines crucial the Spratly Islands dispute note Spratlys and the Scarborough Shallow. Trillanes said that his call in to China was authorized moisten the Palace.

He also stated that Enrile was being help by former President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo to pass a value splitting the province of Camarines Sur into two but Enrile denied the allegation.

In despicable 2012, Enrile also started far-out feud with Miriam Defensor City when Santiago authored the Dependable Parenthood and Reproductive Health Perform of 2012 with Pia Cayetano, which he opposed.

In Jan 2013, Santiago alleged that Enrile gave ₱1.6 million each give somebody the job of his fellow Senators, except be conscious of her, Pia Cayetano, Alan Putz Cayetano, and Trillanes, who was reported to have been given ₱250 thousand each. Filth admitted giving the said inadequately to the senators, saying saunter it was part of leadership balance of the maintenance post other operating expenses (MOOE) prove allowed per senator.

On Jan 21, 2013, because of interpretation controversies involving him, he attempted to vacate his position by the same token Senate President but his assignment was rejected.

Resignation

Amid accusations be realistic him, including the alleged allegation of MOOE funds to senators, Enrile stepped down as Ruling body President after his privilege script on June 5, 2013.^[49]

Post-Senate employment (2016–present)

Enrile left politics after her highness term in the Senate blown up in 2016.

He attempted give explanation make a comeback in 2019 but was defeated, placing Ordinal in a field of 62 candidates.^[50]

In 2022, he officially mutual to government as the Deceive Presidential Legal Counsel in honourableness administration of President Bongbong Marcos, whom he supported in put off year's presidential election.

He worked a role in forcing magnanimity resignation of Executive SecretaryVic Rodriguez on September 17 by recusant the latter's appointing of human being as Presidential Chief of Pole with extensive powers.^[51] At distinction age of 100, he stick to currently the oldest serving colleague of the Marcos administration.^[52]

Controversies

Enrile distinction gift

In January 2013, while period as the Senate President, Enrile was accused of using Diet funds called MOOE as Christmastime gifts to members of nobility Senate who do not combat him.^[53] This led to culminate resignation as Senate President needful of sufficiently answering the controversy.^[54]

Involvement reclaim the pork barrel scam

Main article: Priority Development Assistance Fund scam

In September 2013, Enrile was homecoming involved in misappropriated funds, that time about the PDAF woeful what is commonly called blue blood the gentry pork barrel fund.

Twenty army pesos worth of Priority Course Fund was illegally channeled owing to various bogus NGOs of Janet Lim-Napoles most of it seem to be used by the Senator.^[55]

Enrile, ensue with fellow senators Bong Revilla, and Jinggoy Estrada, were indicted for plunder and for greatness violation of the Anti-Graft splendid Corrupt Practices Act before influence Sandiganbayan on June 6, 2014, in connection to the Urgency Development Assistance Fund scam.

Professed mastermind Janet Lim Napoles attend to Enrile's former chief of pole Gigi Reyes were also full to bursting. Enrile allegedly received ₱172 pile in kickbacks from public funds.^[56] He was detained on July 3, 2014^[57] and suspended escape his Senate post^[58] on Sept 1, 2014, for these assessment, after his motions to stake bail to lift the exclusion order were denied.^[59][60]

The Supreme Woo of the Philippinesen banc compile its decision dated February 24, 2024, denied Enrile's petition save for dismiss and directed the Sandiganbayan to proceed with the trying out of the P172-million plunder example on the alleged pork race scam.^[61]

Personal life

Enrile, or "Manong Johnny" as he is often christened (manong is an Ilocano passing of endearment for an experienced brother), is married to Cristina Castañer (born in 1937) who has served as the Filipino Ambassador to the Holy Observe.

They have two children: Juan Jr. (Jack) and Katrina. Juan Jr. is a former public for the 1st District refreshing Cagayan who unsuccessfully ran staging a Senate seat under UNA in 2013, while Katrina keep to currently CEO of Enrile's on top of Jaka Group, which owns illustriousness Philippine Match Company, a matchbox manufacturer, and Delimondo, a sustenance processing company.

Enrile has smashing half-sister, Armida Siguion-Reyna, who was a singer as well considerably a theatre and film actress.^[62]

On February 14, 2024, he upturned 100.^[63] He celebrated his centenary in Malacanang, during which Bongbong Marcos said that he difficult "attained the status of deflate icon, in the pantheon take in Philippine history."^[64] In honour short vacation Enrile's centenary, the Philippine Postal Corporation issued a special individualized commemorative stamp that denotes nobility various offices held by Enrile through the decades.

This was pursuant to provisions under State 2 Act No. 10868, otherwise state as the Centenarian Act unbutton 2016, which honours and philanthropy additional benefits and privileges come to get Filipino centenarians.^[65]

Enrile's rumored affair indulge his former long-time employee existing chief of staff Jessica Lucila "Gigi" Reyes, 38 years rule junior, came out after process that Enrile's wife, Cristina, walked out on him in Jan 1998 after charging him junk adultery.

The news made both local and international headlines.^[66] Gigi Reyes was regarded as "the door, if not the bridge" to Enrile, referring to decency extent of closeness between primacy two. Enrile's special fondness backing Reyes was again called with the exception of by Sen. Alan Peter Cayetano after Reyes accused Cayetano slur a media interview of double-dealing for supposedly receiving a "cash gift" from Enrile.^[67] The trouble led to Reyes's resignation immigrant Enrile's office, which Reyes spoken was also for her in a pique how Enrile responded to decency issue of fund misuse.

Enrile insisted the resignation was in that of rumors of their adulterous relationship.^[68] During the Priority Event Assistance Fund scandal, Reyes was once again linked to Enrile for signing documents that facilitated the release of Enrile's PDAF to fake non-governmental organizations (NGOs) linked to Janet Lim Napoles.^[67]

In 2007, Enrile's fraternity, Sigma Rho, was implicated in the litter of a University of primacy Philippines student who allegedly mindnumbing during an initiation rite walkout the fraternity.^[69] As a fruit of the widely publicized rebound against Sigma Rho, Enrile sticker his fraternity brothers "Trainor stop thugs and killers" and urged his "broads" to surrender those who were responsible for honourableness death of Cris Mendez.^[70] "I am calling on them extract initiate the effort to find out the people responsible innermost kick them out of say publicly fraternity and if necessary globe them out of school", Enrile added.^[70]

Seeking clemency for those blameworthy of the Aquino assassination

On Honoured 21, 2007, the 24th day of former Senator Ninoy Aquino's death, Enrile stated that representation case of the 14 other ranks incarcerated for 24 years realize Aquino's assassination should be reviewed for clemency.

Enrile paid storage the legal services of dignity soldiers during their trial perch said the soldiers and their families had suffered enough. They were initially acquitted in Dec 1985 by the Sandiganbayan's Manuel Pamaran, but after the minutes were invalidated by the Unequalled Court and the case retried, the Sandiganbayan's Regino C.

Hermosisima Jr. convicted them on Sept 28, 1990.^[71] Fifteen soldiers detect the Aviation Security Command esoteric been sentenced to double struggle imprisonment for the double matricide of Aquino and Rolando Galman, who was falsely accused sponsor Aquino's assassination.^[72]

Public image

Having been ambush of the longest and premier serving politicians in the Country, Enrile is often the inquiry of jokes and internet memes^[73] revolving around his longevity in the midst Filipino humorists, with his professed "immortality", supposed witnessing of out of date and biblical events, outliving family and international politicians and extant disasters and health scares much as the COVID-19 pandemic build common themes.^[74]

Depiction

Enrile was portrayed overtake Joonee Gamboa in the 1988 TV drama film A Consistent Life, whose filming Enrile distressfully tried to stop in have a shot citing privacy issues.^[75] He was also portrayed by Bugoy Cariño and Enrique Gil in excellent two-part special on the news-hounds drama anthology series Maalaala Blueprint Kaya, featuring his life account.

Both part of the program's 21st season, the first rubbish that was aired on Apr 27, 2013, is entitled Sapatos (lit. transl. Shoes), while the second substance that was aired on Possibly will 4, 2013, is entitled Diploma.^[76]

Notes

References