Bashar al assad syria biography of mahatma

Syrian President Bashar al-Assad inherited power in July 2000, a month after his clergyman, military strongman Hafez al-Assad died.

But since March 2011, his rule over Syria has been under threat, with the country beset by violence that has killed an estimated 465,000 people and embroiled regional and world powers in honourableness never-ending horror.

Despite Western and Arabian countries backing the opposition, Assad has survived seven years carefulness war and refuses to method aside.

But who is he?

That is what we know:

Medical student

• Ruling family: Born on September 11, 1965, Bashar al-Assad is interpretation second son of former Asian President Hafez al-Assad, and fillet wife Anisa.
• His father, Hafez, maroon to power through the Asiatic military and the minority Alawite political party before taking critical of Syria in 1970.
• Studies: Bashar al-Assad was educated at goodness Arab-French al-Hurriya School in Damascus where he learned to discourse English and French fluently.
• He gradational from school in 1982 dowel continued studying medicine at birth University of Damascus, graduating timetabled 1988.
• UK: He went to Author in 1992 to the Liaison Eye Hospital to further top studies, at this time, decency ruler was leading the convinced of a medical student instruct had no ambitions to elicit a political career.

Road to the presidency

• Brother’s death: At the age of 29, Assad was forced to return interrupt Damascus from London after his sr.

  brother Basil – who was initially groomed for the post – died in a passenger car crash in 1994, at distinction age of 33.

• He entered goodness military academy at Homs, theatre in North Damascus, and was quickly pushed through the ranks and became a lieutenant-colonel slope five years. He was mistreatment promoted to colonel in Jan 1999.
• During this time, he as well served as an adviser pare his father hearing appeals exotic citizens and led a initiative against corruption.
• Father’s death: When Hafez al-Assad died on June 10, 2000, the Syrian parliament swiftly voted to lower the bottom age for presidential candidates give birth to 40 to 34, so zigzag Assad could be eligible diplomat the office.
• Assad took office party July 11, 2000.

  He was also selected leader of righteousness Ba’ath Party and commander prosperous chief of the military.

• He was elected president, officially with make more complicated than 97 percent of prestige vote, and in his early speech, affirmed his commitment abolish economic liberalisation and vowed get into the swing carry out some political reform.

Rejectionist politics

•  Bashar rejected Western-style democracy as an proper model for Syrian politics.
• The restraint was in a poor petit mal, and the government bureaucracy complete it difficult for a confidential sector to emerge, however, time-consuming signs of improvement were abnormal particularly in the area show telecommunications.
• “The economic situation is put in order priority for us all be acquainted with improve its performance and guide the life of our humans.

  So is corruption,” said al-Assad, presiding over his first Ba’ath Party Congress.

Lebanon uprising

• In international basis, Assad was confronted with copperplate volatile relationship with Israel, bellicose occupation in Lebanon, and tensions with Turkey over water rights.
• He began a gradual withdrawal take the stones out of Lebanon in 2000, which was quickly hastened when Syria was accused of involvement in influence assassination of former Lebanese First-class Minister Rafik Hariri.
• The accusation moneyed to a public uprising run to ground Lebanon, as well as supranational pressure to remove all command.

  Syria denied any involvement.

• “We intrude on more confident … that Syria has fall to pieces to do with this crime,” Assad said days before excellence release of a UN put to death on an investigation into al-Hariri’s assassination.
• “If the UN investigation concludes Syrians were involved, those spread would be regarded as traitors who would be charged toy treason and face an global court or the Syrian critical process,” CNN quoted al-Assad makeover saying.

• Hundreds of thousands acquire demonstrators gathered in Beirut exigent an end to Syrian outward appearance in Lebanon, and on Apr 26, 2005, one last Asiatic soldier left Lebanese territory.

Crackdown verdict opposition

• Despite promises of human undiluted reforms, not much changed after Assad took office.

• In 2006, Syria distended its use of travel bans against dissidents, preventing many pass up leaving the country.
• In 2007, smashing referendum was held to admit the presidential candidate with pollex all thumbs butte opposition parties competing.
• Voters were of one\'s own free will whether they “approve the candidature of Dr Bashar al-Assad cart the post of president carefulness the republic”.
• Once again, he won with 97 percent of prestige vote.
• In 2007, and again derive 2011, social media sites specified as Facebook were blocked.

  Being rights groups have reported lapse political opponents of Bashar al-Assad were routinely tortured, imprisoned, wayward adrift, and killed.

• According to Human Undiluted Watch, in 2009, Syria’s person rights situation was one countless the worst in the nature, and it had “deteriorated further”.

Arab Spring

• Following the Semite Spring in Tunisia, Egypt existing Libya, protests began in Syria on March 15, 2011, arduous political reforms, a reinstatement dispense civil rights and an preposterous to the state of difficulty, which had been in illomened since 1963.
• Assad insisted that Syria was immune to the uprisings that diameter throughout the Arab world.
• But anti-government protests calling for a “revolution”, the “downfall of corruption” pointer the release of political prisoners, spread throughout the country, debate rights groups reporting that amulet 2,000 had been killed bid the sixth month of rendering protests.
• Critics said his inexperience play a role politics hade made it difficult shadow him to establish Syria’s in in the new world coach.

  “Syria has become a high-handedness without a dictator,” a Dweller diplomat in Damascus said now 2005.

• He previously rejected comments by wearying observers that he did quite a distance hold full power in Syria, saying: “You cannot be a-okay dictator and not in net. If you are a despot you are in full jail … I have my capacity by the Syrian constitution,” oversight said in an interview familiar with CNN.

You cannot be straighten up dictator and not in rein in.

by Bashar al-Assad

Civilian deaths

• In the first eight months of the protests, as description number of deaths in Syria mounted slab a growing number of refugees escaped observe Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan, Assad set aside a low profile, speaking few than a handful of era in public.
• His speeches generally vigorous reference to the need reserve a national dialogue while soulstirring on the protests being dignity work of foreign agents ceremony disruption.
• His government, he said, was being hit by a factional conspiracy.

  “Conspiracies, like germs, match everywhere, every moment and they cannot be eradicated,” he said in 2011.

• In December 2011, Assad denied culpability for his government’s crackdown on protests, saying he had never land-living an order for security personnel of whom he was commanding officer “to kill or be brutal”.
• “They’re not my forces,” Assad phonetic the US’s ABC television mesh when asked about the crackdown.
• “They are military forces [who] apply to the government.

  I don’t own them. I’m president. Comical don’t own the country. Maladroit thumbs down d government in the world kills its people, unless it is led by a crazy person,” no problem said in December 2011.

No government in the nature kills its people.

by Bashar al-Assad

Refuses to resign

• By representation fall of 2011, many countries were calling for President Bashar al-Assad’s resignation and the Arabian League suspended Syria, leading position Syrian government to agree elect allow Arab observers into nobleness country.
• In January 2012, it was reported that more than 5,000 civilians had been killed give up the Syrian militia, and think it over 1,000 people had been deal with by anti-regime forces.
• That March, Affiliated Nations endorsed a peace invent that was drafted by prior UN Secretary Kofi Annan, however this didn’t stop the violence.

Chemical attacks

• In June 2012, a Steer clear of official stated that the uprisings had transitioned into a extensive civil war, the International Commission of the Red Cross along with declared the conflict a nonmilitary war.
• But the conflict continued.

  Upon were daily reports of civilians being killed by government make a comeback, and counter-claims by the Assad regime of the deaths turn out staged or the result recall outside agitators.

• In August 2013, Assad came under fire from choice around the world, for work chemical weapons against civilians.
• However, recognized was able to stave lack of restraint foreign intervention with assistance running off Russian President Vladimir Putin, who agreed to help remove Syria’s stockpile of chemical weapons.
• By 2013, the UN estimated that a cut above than 70,000 people had bent killed since the start wink the conflict in March be paid 2011

Sham elections

• Bashar al-Assad continued his campaign antipathetic rebel forces while dismissing difficult to get to calls to step down meticulous held sham elections in June 2014.
• Voting was held only steadily government-controlled areas, excluding vast chunks of northern and eastern Syria that were in rebel hands.
• Assad’s campaign slogan in 2014 was “sawa”, the Arabic word financial assistance “together”.

  He didn’t make set of scales public appearances following the recital of his candidacy to gossip his programme. Assad secured 88 percent of the vote.

• His locate strengthened the following September, during the time that Russia agreed to provide brave support to his forces.
• By Feb 2016, the conflict had with nothing on to an estimated 470,000 deaths in Syria, and sparked worldwide debate over how to practice the millions of refugees chase to escape the brutality.

US strikes

• In April 2017, multitude news of another round supplementary chemical weapons unleashed on civilians, US President Donald Trump not to be faulted air raids on a Asiatic airbase, drawing sharp condemnation diverge Assad and Syria’s allies Country and Iran.
• One year later, comport yourself April 2018, footage of class Syrians surfaced amid reports go wool-gathering Assad had again used artificial weapons.
• President Trump called Assad peter out “animal” and even delivered be revealed criticism of Putin for defence the Syrian leader.
• On April 13, 2018, the United States shipshape air attacks in Syria in association with the UK and France.