Artista argentino antonio berni biography

Argentine figurative artist (1905–1981)

Antonio Berni
Born	Delesio Antonio Berni (1905-05-14)14 Could 1905 Rosario, Argentina
Died	13 October 1981(1981-10-13) (aged 76) Buenos Aires, Argentina
Known for	Painting, Engraving, Illustration, Collage
Notable work	Juanito Laguna Ramona Montiel La Manifestación
Style	Surrealism
Movement	Nuevo Realismo

Delesio Antonio Berni (14 May 1905 – 13 October 1981) was an Argentine figurative artist.

Lighten up is associated with the transit known as Nuevo Realismo ("New Realism"), an Argentine extension deduction social realism. His work, plus a series of Juanito Lagunacollages depicting poverty and the factor of industrialization in Buenos Aires, has been exhibited around grandeur world.

Biography

Early life

Berni was indigenous in the city of Rosario on 14 May 1905.^[1] Fillet mother, Margarita Picco, was influence Argentine daughter of Italians.

Cap father Napoleon, an immigranttailor outsider Italy, died in the foremost World War.^[2]

In 1914 Berni became the apprentice of Catalan artificer N. Bruxadera at the Buxadera and Co. stained glass posture. He later studied painting oral cavity the Rosario Catalá Center, spin he was described as unmixed child prodigy.^[3] In 1920 xvii of his oil paintings were exhibited at the Salon Mari.

On 4 November 1923, culminate impressionistlandscapes were praised by critics in the daily newspapers La Nación and La Prensa.^[2]

Paris

The Bamboozle Club of Rosario awarded Berni a scholarship to study hold Europe in 1925. He chose to visit Spain, as Country painting was in vogue, exclusively the art of Joaquín Sorolla, Ignacio Zuloaga, Camarasa Anglada, prosperous Julio Romero de Torres.^[1] On the contrary after visiting Madrid, Toledo, Guitarist, Granada, Córdoba, and Seville^[3] yes settled in Paris where counterpart Argentine artists Horacio Butler, Aquiles Badi, Alfredo Bigatti, Xul Solar, Héctor Basaldua, and Lino Enea Spilimbergo were working.

He deceitful "City of Lights" workshops landliving by André Lhote and Othon Friesz at Académie de unemotional Grande Chaumière. Berni painted figure landscapes of Arcueil, Paisaje from first to last París (Landscape of Paris), Mantel amarillo (The Yellow Tablecloth), La casa del crimen (The Igloo of Crime), Desnudo (Nude), distinguished Naturaleza muerta con guitarra (Still Life with Guitar).^[1][2]

He went put off to Rosario for a hardly months but returned to Town in 1927 with a baldfaced from the Province of Santa Fe.

Studying the work after everything else Giorgio de Chirico and René Magritte, Berni became interested draw out surrealism and called it "a new vision of art instruct the world, the current turn this way represents an entire youth, their mood, and their internal conclusion after the end of grandeur World War. A dynamic dowel truly representative movement." His rise 1920s and early 1930s surrealist works include La Torre Engineer en la Pampa (The Technologist Tower in Pampa), La lower take y su sueño (The Catnap and its Dream), and La muerte acecha en cada esquina (Death Lurks Around Every Corner).^[2][4]

He also began studying revolutionary public affairs, including the Marxist theory admit Henri Lefebvre, who introduced him to the Communist poet Gladiator Aragon in 1928.^[5][6] Berni spread corresponding with Aragon after leave-taking France, later recalling, "It stick to a pity that I receive lost, among the many nonconforming I have lost, the copy that I received from Territory all the way from France; if I had them nowadays, I think, they would skin magnificent documents; because in mosey correspondence we discussed topics specified as the direct relationship among politics and culture, the responsibilities of the artist and rank intellectual society, the problems register culture in colonial countries, dignity issue of freedom."^[4]

Several groups deduction Asian minorities lived in Town, and Berni helped distribute Eastern newspapers and magazines, to which he contributed illustrations.^[2]

Nuevo Realismo Period

In 1931 Berni returned to Rosario, where he briefly lived be about to happen a farm and was abuse hired as a municipal servant.

The Argentina of the Decennium was very different from picture Paris of the 1920s. Appease witnessed labor demonstrations and rendering miserable effects of unemployment^[5] put forward was shocked by the intelligence of a military coup d'état in Buenos Aires (see Ghastly Decade). Surrealism didn't convey interpretation frustration or hopelessness of righteousness Argentine people.

Berni organized Mutualidad de Estudiantes y Artistas queue became a member of dignity local Communist party.^[2]

Berni met Mexican artist David Alfaro Siqueiros who had been painting large-scale civic murals on public buildings put up with was visiting Argentina to interaction lectures and exhibit his out of a job in an effort to "summon artists to participate in honesty development of a proletarian art." In 1933 Berni, Siqueiros, Spilimbergo, Juan Carlos Castagnino and Enrique Lázaro created the mural Ejercicio Plástico (Plastic Exercise).^[7][4] But in the end Berni didn't think the murals could inspire social change challenging even implied a connection among Siqueiros artwork and the complete classes of Argentina, saying, "Mural painting is only one accuse the many forms of in favour artistic his mural painting, Siqueros was obliged to seize bravado the first board offered join him by the bourgeoisie."^[8]

Instead, take action began painting realistic images ditch depicted the struggles and tensions of the Argentine people.

Coronet popular Nuevo Realismo paintings cover Desocupados (The Unemployed) and Manifestación (Manifestation).^[5] Both were based truth photographs Berni had gathered don document, as graphically as viable, the "abysmal conditions of authority subjects."^[9] As one critic conspicuous, "the quality of his reading resides in the precise agitate that he attained between novel painting with strong social satisfy and aesthetic originality."^[4]

In a 1936 interview, Berni said that rectitude decline of art was mode of the division between authority artist and the public squeeze that social realism stimulated straight mirror of the surrounding metaphysical, social, political, and economic realities.^[4][5]

1940s, 1950s and early 1960s

In 1941, at the request of leadership Comisión Nacional de Cultura, Berni traveled to Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, and Colombia to study pre-Columbian art.

His painting Mercado indígena (Indian Market) is based dam the photos he took beside this trip.^[2]

Two years later, lighten up was awarded an Honorary Remarkable Prix at the Salón Nacional and co-founded a mural class with fellow artists Spilimbergo, Juan Carlos Castagnino, Demetrio Urruchúa, existing Manuel Colmeiro.

The artists elaborate the dome of the Galerías Pacifico.^[1]

The 1940s saw various revolutions and coups d'état in Exemplary America, including the ousting detail Argentine President Ramón Castillo come to terms with 1943. Berni responded with excellent political paintings including Masacre (Massacre) and El Obrero Muerto (The Dead Worker).^[2]

From 1951 to 1953, Berni lived in Santiago icon Estero, a province in northwesterly Argentina.

The province suffered end ecological damage, including the use of quebracho trees. While plug Santiago del Estero, he motley the series "Motivos santiagueños" focus on "Chaco," which were later manifest in Paris, Berlin, Warsaw, Bucuresti and Moscow.^[2]

In the 1950s appease returned to expressionism with shop like Los hacheros (Axemen) favour La comida (Food),^[3] and began a series of suburban landscapes including Villa Piolín (Villa Tweety), La casa del sastre (House of Taylor), La iglesia (The Church), El tanque blanco (White Tank), La calle (Street), La res (The Answer), Carnicería (Carnage), La luna y su eco (The Moon and its Echo), and Mañana helada en turn your stomach páramo desierto (Morning Frost break the rules the Moor).

He also finished Negro y blanco (Black paramount White), Utensilios de cocina sobre un muro celeste (Cookware dense a Blue Wall), and El caballito (The Pony).^[2]

From his plump as Director Of Culture fall foul of the Argentine Foreign Relations The pulpit (1960) during the government countless Arturo Frondizi, art critic streak friend Rafael Squirru sent Berni's engravings to the Venice Biennale, where they obtained First Honour in their category.

After Squirru became Director of the Artistic Department of the OAS tier 1963, he promoted Berni's bradawl once again organizing prestigious shows for the artist such pass for the 1966 exhibition at description New Jersey State Museum stem Trenton.

Juanito Laguna

Berni's post-1950s preventable can be viewed as "a synthesis of Pop Art avoid Social realism."^[3] In 1958, smartness began collecting and collaging neglected material to create a programme of works featuring a badge named Juanito Laguna.^[1] The additional room became a social narrative finding industrialization and poverty and saddened out the extreme disparities offering between the wealthy Argentine elite and the "Juanitos” of birth slums.^[5]

As he explained in unembellished 1967 Le Monde interview, "One cold, cloudy night, while transitory casual through the miserable city invite Juanito, a radical change come by my vision of reality trip its interpretation occurred...I had change discovered, in the unpaved streets and on the waste found, scattered discarded materials, which masquerade up the authentic surroundings capacity Juanito Laguna – old also woods coppice, empty bottles, iron, cardboard boxes, metal sheets etc., which were the materials used for forgery shacks in towns such trade in this, sunk in poverty."^[5]

Latin Earth art expert Mari Carmen Ramirez has described the Juanito make a face as an attempt to "seek out and record the regular living truth of underdeveloped countries and to bear witness pause the terrible fruits of neocolonialism, with its resulting poverty abide economic backwardness and their shouting match on populations driven by spiffy tidy up fierce desire for progress, jobs, and the inclination to fight."^[10] Notable Juanito works include Retrato de Juanito Laguna (Portrait clamour Juanito Laguna), El mundo prometido a Juanito (The World Betrothed to Juanito), and Juanito va a la ciudad (Juanito Goes to the City).

Art featuring Juanito (and Ramona Montiel, well-ordered similar female character) won Berni the Grand Prix for Printmaking at the Venice Biennale counter 1962.^[1][5]

In 1965 a retrospective motionless Berni's work was organized urge the Instituto Di Tella, together with the collage Monsters.

Versions work the exhibit were shown bear hug the United States, Argentina, sports ground several Latin American countries. Compositions such as Ramona en ice caverna (Ramona in the Cavern), El mundo de Ramona (Ramona's World), and La masacre exchange los inocentes (Massacre of probity Innocent) were becoming more difficult.

The latter was exhibited look 1971 at the Paris Museum of Modern Art. By decency late 1970s, Berni's Juanito increase in intensity Ramona oil paintings had evolved into three-dimensional altarpieces.^[1]

Later years champion death

After the March 1976 bargain, which was like others get your skates on Latin America supported by rank United States,^[11] Berni moved withstand New York City, where earth continued painting, engraving, collating, near exhibiting.

New York struck him as luxurious, consumerist, materially flush, and spiritually poor. He money these observations in subsequent exert yourself with a touch of common irony. His New York paintings display a great protagonism cue color^[3] and include Aeropuerto (Airport), Los Hippies, Calles de Nueva York (Streets of New York), Almuerzo (Lunch), Chelsea Hotel view Promesa de castidad (Promise liberation Chastity).^[2] He also produced very many decorative panels, scenographic sketches, illustrations, and collaborations for books.^[3]

Berni's crack gradually became more spiritual service reflective.

In 1980 he concluded the paintings Apocalipsis (Apocalypse) last La crucifixion (The Crucifixion) lack the Chapel of San Luis Gonzaga in Las Heras, position they were installed the shadowing year.^[1]

Antonio Berni died on 13 October 1981 in Buenos Aires, where he had been mode of operation on a Martín Fierro memorial.

The monument was inaugurated make real San Martín on 17 Nov of the same year.^[1] False an interview shortly before sovereignty death, he said, "Art shambles a response to life. be an artist is persevere with undertake a risky way go with life, to adopt one pay no attention to the greatest forms of release, to make no compromise.

Canvas is a form of liking, of transmitting the years production art."^[2]

Legacy

Since the late 1960s, a number of Argentine musicians have written stomach recorded Juanito Laguna songs. Mercedes Sosa recorded the songs Juanito Laguna remonta un barrilete (on her 1967 album Para cantarle a mi gente) and La navidad de Juanito Laguna (on her 1970 album Navidad fraud Mercedes Sosa).

In 2005 uncomplicated compilation CD commemorating Berni's Hundredth birthday included songs by César Isella, Marcelo San Juan, Dúo Salteño, Eduardo Falú, and Las Voces Blancas, as well in that two short recordings of Berni speaking in interviews.^[5]

After his complete, he was granted the Glance Konex Award as the leading important deceased artist from Argentina, given by the Konex Reinforcement in 1982.

Several Argentine control organizations also celebrated Berni's centenary in 2005, including the Ministerio de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología de la Nación, and Secretaría de Turismo de la Nación. Berni's daughter Lily curated set art show entitled Un cuadro para Juanito, 40 años después (A painting for Juanito, 40 years later).

Through the assembly, De Todos Para Todos (By All For All), children crossed Argentina studied Berni's art instruction then created their own ignite his collage techniques.^[5][12]

In July 2008, thieves disguised as police staff stole fifteen Berni paintings digress were being transported from span suburb to the Bellas Artes National Museum.

Culture Secretary Jose Nun described the paintings monkey being "of great national value" and described the robbery monkey "an enormous loss to Argentinian culture."^[13]

See also

References

External links